Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - III. The Land Laws of Finland
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has not yet been enclosed and allotted, permission to
settle may nevertheless be granted. Large tracts of
land which are not adapted for agricultural purposes
or for forestry may be treated as communal land and
granted to villages or other associations, or allotted
among the farms of the neighbourhood. Portions of
this land may even be sold. Marsh land when drained
can also be offered for settlement on the liberal terms
which we have described. This and other land can be
let provisionally until the final arrangement is made.
In fact, however, few persons have availed themselves
of this new law, liberal as are its provisions.
Between 1868 and 1896 only 466 such farms were
established, some of these being already in
existence and now only obtaining an acknowledgment of
their legal status. The majority were formed in the
north. With the means at command it has been
totally impossible to finish the work of separating this
land from the forests, surveying it, mapping it out, and
so on. The Forest Administration prefers to make
the holdings small ones and to let them. This
arrangement, by which the land can be retained as
government property, can be made without separating
the large tracts of land which are to be retained as
forests from the land which in the future will be
given up to settlement. In 1869 there were 1300
of these small Crown holdings and 400 houses
with less land, of which, however, about 200 were
abandoned again, as frequently happens in the
American settlements. In 1897 the number of
small Crown holdings had increased to 2700,
although some of these had been changed into
freehold farms of the kind just described, or into small
holdings for the forest guards. These Crown torp-holders
are comparatively well-off; for the first twenty
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