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856 RESPIRATION AND OXIDATION.
H
I
acids—glycocoll for example, into carbamino acetic acid, CH2—N—COOH,
COOH
and that the carbon dioxide can be readily split off from these compounds.
The peptones and serum proteins in the presence of calcium hydroxide
may also act in the same manner as amino-acids. Protein carbamino-
acids are formed, and the possibility of such a binding of carbon dioxide
must also be considered.
In the foregoing it has been assumed that the alkali is the most essen-
tial and important constituent of the blood-serum, as well as of the blood
in general, in uniting with the carbon dioxide. The fact that the quan-
tity of carbon dioxide in the blood greatly diminishes with a decrease
in the quantity of alkali strengthens this assumption. Such a condi-
tion is found, for example, after poisoning with mineral acids. Thus
Walter found only 2-3 vols, per cent carbon dioxide in the blood of
rabbits into whose stomachs hydrochloric acid had been introduced. In
the comatose state of diabetes mellitus the alkali of the blood seems to
be in great part saturated with acid combinations, /3-oxybutyric acid
(Stadelmann, Minkowski), and Minkowski x
found only 3.3 vols,
per cent carbon dioxide in the blood in diabetic coma.
Gases of the Lymph and Secretions.
The gases of the lymph are the same as in the blood-serum, and the
lymph stands close to the blood-serum in regard to the quantity of the
various gases, as well as to the kind of carbon-dioxide combination. The
investigations of Daenhardt and Hensen 2
on the gases of human
lymph are at hand, but it still remains a question whether the lymph
investigated was quite normal. The gases of normal dog-lymph were
first investigated by Hammarsten.3
This gas contained traces of
oxygen and consisted of 37.4-53.1 per cent CO2 and 1.6 per cent N at 0°
C. and 760 mm. Hg pressure. About cne-half of the carbon dioxide was
in firm chemical combination. The quantity was greater than in the
serum from arterial blood, but smaller than from venous blood.
The remarkable observation of Buchner, that the lymph collected
after asphyxiation is poorer in carbon dioxide than that of the breathing
1
Walter, Arch. f. exp. Path. u. Pharm., 7; Stadelmann, ibid., 17; Minkowski,
Mittheil a. d. med. Klinik in Konigsberg, 1888.
2
Virchow’s Arch., 37.
1
Ber. d. k. sachs. Gesellsch. d. Wissensch., math.-phys. Klasse, 23.
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