Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - First part - I. Physical Geography - 1. Configuration and Water-system. By Docent Gunnar Andersson, Ph. D., Stockholm - A) The Highlands and Alpine District of Upper Sweden - a) The Mountain and Lake Belt - b) The Morainic and Marshy Belt
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12
i. physical geography of sweden.
mosses, and a few flowering plants; only in spots that are copiously
supplied with moisture does a richer and more varied flora appear.
On the mountain-sides the birch (Betula odorata) struggles to exist; in
the southern parts it is almost everywhere closely followed by the
spruce (Picea excelsa), while in the northern parts it grows over vast
regions alone, or, lower down, sparsely mingled with pines (Pinus
sil-vestris). The possibilities of cultivating the soil of the lower parts of
these mountain regions (say up to 600 or 800 m.) are far greater than
might be supposed; this is due to the immense stretches of fine, fertile
sand or clay which were deposited during the later portion of the
Glacial Period in the large, ice-locked lakes then filling the greater
part of the valleys. It is in these stretches that the cultivated districts
are now mostly to be found.
The Indateelf, in Medelpad.
b) The Morainic and Marshy Belt. This region almost wholly coincides
with the area marked on the orographical map on p. 8 as lying at an
altitude of between 200 and 500 meters. The river-valleys are much
shallower here than in the mountain region last described. This is
especially the case in the north and as far south as the Lule river,
including the district from Gellivare to Luossavara, where a railway is
now being constructed; in that district plains of many miles in extent
prevail, the rivers winding their courses over them, and here and there
a hill with long and gradually sloping sides rising from their surface
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