Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - First part - I. Physical Geography - 1. Configuration and Water-system. By Docent Gunnar Andersson, Ph. D., Stockholm - A) The Highlands and Alpine District of Upper Sweden - c) The Marine-Deposit Belt
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configuration and .water-system.
15
but a remnant of stone and gravel with all the finer material elutriated.
The material thus removed from the summits was deposited on the former
sea-bottom, which is now for the most part land. Such is the origin
of the level and cultivated tracts now to be met with in all the
river-valleys in North Sweden; they have long been seats of industrious and
successful agriculture. Along the upper limit of the marine
deposits extensive fields of coarse sand have for the most part been
left; on them pine-trees have flourished, as the large pine-barrens of
the districts testify.
Subsequent to the
rise of the
land-surface the rivers worked
a way through the
loose deposits down
to their original beds
on the solid röck;
along the course of
their banks there still
remain deep cuttings
through sand and clay,
often some tens of
meters in altitude. These
cuttings are locally
termed tttp«r (»Bluffs»)
and often assume
fantastic forms,
contributing in no small
measure to the
natural beauty of the
scenery, which,
especially in the valleys
of the Ångerman and
Indal rivers, has a justified celebrity. Another feature of the scenery
of the North Swedish river-valleys, that contributes to its charm, is
their fading away in blue hills lining the horizon.
From the Ore river in the north to beyond the mouth of the
Indal river in the south, there are to be found numerous heights, some
300 or 400 (exceptionally 450) m. in altitude above the sea, extending
even down to the coast. Further south the summits recede from the
coast. South of the Ljusnan the highlands of Herjedalen and Helsingland
approach, nevertheless, to within a few miles of the sea; the summits here
are occasionally as much as 400 meters in altitude and upwards. In
the marine-deposit belt the soil on the heights is, however, often shallow
and dry, so that the continued regrowth of forests is more impeded than
in the morainic districts further inland.
The Arctic Sea of the låte Glacial Epoch (the Yoldia-sea)
in north western Europe.
Present coasts denoted by light line».
(Acoordlng to a. dk Gkbh and J. J. Sbdebholii.)
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