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160
II. TH B SWEDISH PEOPLE.
wood. This time-honoured building-material is giving place but slowly
to stone. Even of the towns it is only the larger ones and those that
have had to be rebuilt in recent years, owing to their partial or total
destruction by fire, that have a majority of stone structures to show.
In the others, wooden houses still exist in much larger numbers, and
that in spite of the fact that legislation is not wanting to restrict their
increase. In the country districts, where restrictions of that kind are
unknown, wood holds the day almost unchallenged, and increasingly
so the further north one proceeds. Stone and wood are used in about
equal proportions in the island of Gotland and some small districts in
South Sweden, though throughout Skåne stone is traditional, being
employed not only in towns, but also in the country.
A Feasant’s domicile traditionally consists, in its simplest form, of a cottage,
embracing, besides an entry, the cottage proper (Stugan), a fairly large room
serving as kitchen, living-room, and bedroom, and a small bedroom (Kammaren).
As means and demands grow, the building is enlarged by the addition of either
another room on the same level or another story, or by both these adjuncts.
A large peasant-farm will often have a cluster of two or more houses of the kind,
especially in Northern Sweden. In Skåne, Gotland, and some other parts, the
farmhouses are often found considerably extended in length, though only of one story
— in analogy with the Danish and German mode of building. The farm-buildings,
consisting of granary, stable, cow-house, and threshing-floors, are generally to be
found in the immediate vicinity of the farm-house itself, often with it enclosing
the farm-yard; a garden, though it be but a small one, is hardly ever wanting.
Dalarne. Winter landscape. Photo, o. kcmibkec,
Hedemora.
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