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STATE ADMINISTRATION.
193
Since that date the Cabinet has consisted of ten members until
1900, when an eleventh ministerial office was created. Of the eleven
actual members eight are heads of departments; the three remaining
members, usually termed: Consultative Ministers, take part in the
discussions and decisions of the Cabinet, discharge the duties of
their fellow-ministers in case of their temporary absence, and assist
them also in other ways, more especially in questions referring to
administrative jurisdiction, for which in Sweden the Cabinet is the
last resort. Since 1876, when the premiership was introduced, the
Prime Minister (Statsminister) usually occupies one of these three
consultative ministerships, though the head of the ministry has often
held one of the secretaryships for a department. Of the three
consultative ministers two at least should previously have administered
some civil office.
In the Departments, subdivided into special Bureaux, cases are
prepared to be laid before the King in Cabinet; the decisions there
arrived at are subsequently drawn up in the said bureaux in documentary
form. The administrative business proper is, however, in but few cases
transacted in the departments, the majority of it being dealt with by a
number of Central Boards of Administration. For each department there
is a Secretary’s Office (Kansli). These offices together with those of the
Revising Judicial Office and of the Attorney General are known as
the Government Offices (Kunglig Maj:ts Kansli). To assist him in the
work of the department, the minister has an Under Secretary of State
(Expeditionschef; in the Dep. of Foreign Affairs: Kabinettssekreterare),
whose business is to take cognizance of, or supervise, the treatment of
the business that comes before the department. The head of a Bureau
has the title of Kansliråd. Lower officials are Kanslisekreterare and
Registrator (Recorder).
Since the creation of the new department (of Agriculture), the
apportionment of business among the several Departments of State is in accordance
with regulations laid down by royal decree of 1900 (March 31). The eight
Departments of State are as follows: The Department of Justice, of Foreign Affairs,
of Land Defence, of Naval Defence, of Home Affairs, of Finance, of Ecclesiastical
»nd Educational Affairs, and of Agriculture. These departments are generally
concerned with the business denoted by the denominations given; it may,
however, be mentioned that under the administration of the Naval Defence
Department also fall Pilots, Lighthouses, and Schools of Navigation; that the Finance
Department has charge of Commerce, Industry, and Navigation; of the Customs;
the Official Statistics (the greater part); the Pensioning of Civil Servants; that the
Ecclesiastical Department, in addition to Church Affairs, has under its supervision
Educational Establishments and Pious Foundations; that the Department of
Agriculture exercises control over Public Forests, Crown Estates, Land-Surveying,
General and Geological Maps, High-roads, the Veterinary Surgeons, and (ad interim)
the Poor Law. The Home Department, besides other responsibilities, has the
superintendence of Communications, the Public Health, and also Insurance Affairs.
Sveda,. 13
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