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264
iii. constitution and administration of sweden.
where help is needed. Clergymen who have obtained fixed
appointments are of two classes: Rectors (Kyrkoherdar) — one in each living,
and Perpetual Curates (Komministrar), constituting a class of assistant
clergymen with fixed appointments, especially to be found in such
livings as are very large or consist of more than one parish.
With regard to the
appointment of rectors,
the livings are
traditionally of three
different categories, viz.:
a) presentative by royal
letters (about 500 in
number), where the
incumbent is appointed by
the King, after an
election has been made by
the parish, to which, in
general, regard is paid;
b) presentative by the
Chapter (about 700),
where the candidate who
at election has obtained
the majority of votes is
appointed by the
Chapter; c) donative
(between 80 and 90), where
the incumbent is
instituted by the entitled
patron. Of the remaining
livings, 33 (a number
which is, however,
gradually diminishing) are
Prebendaryships, while
for the others special
regulations are in force.
The Perpetual Curates
are appointed according
to the method b) above,
save in the few cases
where they have
donative benefices. — There are several peculiar features connected with the election
of a clergyman in Sweden. Eligible are, in the first place, the three applicants
whose names appear on the nomination-list drawn up by the chapter; the
applicants must all belong to the diocese. If the parish desires to elect another
clergyman, there must be a certain greater majority than usual in favour of it. The
right of voting is to a certain extent dependent upon the amount of rates paid,
so that one individual may have many votes. In certain cases women and
artificial persons have votes.
The payment of the clergy comes as a rule from their parishes, according
to a fixed principle of rateage. The amount varies very considerably. According
to a recent digest, 1,368 rectors have an average income of 4,709 kronor (a krona
= l-io shilling), and 957 perpetual curates have one of 1,743 kronor — in both
Vadstena Church.
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