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CATTLE. 563
Tablb 77. Imports and exports of Meat and pork. By quintals à 1’97 cwts.
Average for the years Meat. Pork. Sansage. Total.
Imports. Exports. Imports. Exports. Imports. Exports. Imports. | Exports.
1861/65........... 4,419 452 15,273 471 403 1 20,095 924
1866,70........... 4,037 1,228 9,406 1,152 175 1 13,618 2,381
1871/75........... 7,486 1,313 74,911 2,325 363 19 82,760 3,657
1876/80........... 11,635 1,846 131,125 1,081 348 151 143,108 2,478
1881/85........... 15,414 1,739 85,502 4,849 202 217 101,118 6,805
1886/90........... 14,434 2,098 72,069 45,758 149 607 86,652 48,457
1891/95........... 8,800 5,665 58,919 69,545 141 692 67,860 75,902
1896 00........ 11,522 3,610 98,081 36,210 84 269 109,687 40 089
In 1900.......... 15,086 2,138 106,748 12,214 62 11 121,896 14,363
decade of 1861/1870, Sweden began to export butter (see Table 79, p. 571),
and since that time the import of cattle decreased simultaneously with
the appearance of Swedish cattle in foreign markets. As early as 1853
endeavours were made both in Skåne and Gothenburg for the export
of cattle to Denmark and England. In 1865, the export had become a
paying business, which for a time was increasing.
It now seemed as if Swedish cattle-breeding had a good future before it,
and that it would be able to gain a sufficiently large market for its produce,
principally in England but also in Germany. But in consequence of the order
issued by the English authorities in 1892 against the introduction to Great
Britain of live cattle, and of the legal regulations which, since 1895, render the
import of cattle into Germany difficult, the breeding of cattle has, however, been
checked to a very considerable degree. At present, attempts are being made to
bring about a well-organized export of meat, and slaughter-houses for the purpose
are beginning to be erected in many towns along the coast. Respecting the
imports and exports of meat, see Table 77. Most of the great amount of meat
imported comes from America, and includes a great quantity of salt horse-flesh that
we might do without.
In Sweden, as in most other European countries, tuberculosis occurs amongst
the cattle. Great efforts are now being made to combat the disease and to
obtain perfectly healthy breeds of cattle. It is only exceptionally that tuberculosis
has been found among the cattle of Norrland, and many breeds in the central
and southern parts of the country that have been examined by the aid of
tuberculine, have not shown any reaction.
Finally, we give some data concerning the number of cattle in
Sweden of låte years, distinguishing between oxen, bulls, cows, and
cattle under two years of age:
Oxen. Bnlls. Cows. Young cattle. Total.
In 1870 ..................269,762 38,647 1,231,477 426,014 1,965,900
» 1880 ..................289,071 47,985 1,409,236 481,465 2,227,757
» 1890 ..................253,735 49,066 1,578,927 517,763 2,399,491
» 1900 ..................218,932 51,390 1,764,819 547,414 2,582,555
These figures show that the breeding of cattle goes steadily forward.
The number of oxen has, however, constantly decreased, horses being
nowadays more and more used in agriculture, and it is actually the
number of cows that has increased.
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