Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - Second part - X. Manufacturing Industries. By Å. G. Ekstrand, Ph. D., Chief Engineer, Control Office of the Department of Finance - 5. Timber-ware Industry - The Match industry
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timber-ware industry.
823
importance of ordinary
phosphorus in the production of
matches of that kind was
tolerably evident and had
actually been pointed out
by Berzelius, its use was
purposely avoided, until it
was discovered that really
practical matches could not
be obtained without
phosphorus in their heads, and
Bagge himself drew up
directions for the manufacture of
them. Phosphorus matches
have been manufactured
wholesale in Sweden since
1843. The celebrated
match-factory in Jönköping was
founded by Johan Edvard
Lundström in 1844. At
first sulphurized phosphorus
matches were almost the
only kind made there. In
the same year, 1844,
however, G. E. Pasch,
professor at the Caroline
Medical Institute in Stockholm, made the discovery that a rubbing
surface containing amorphous phosphorus, called by Pasch phosphor oxide,
could be used for matches with heads containing no phosphorus. His
invention was patented on October 30, 1844 — a date of importance
as proving the priority of Pasch’s invention against claims on behalf
of a German inventor. The manufacture of matches according to the
new patent at once began. The method Pasch employed for producing
the »phosphor oxide» was not, however, a very practical one, and it
was not until a cheaper method had been discovered in England in 1851
that his invention was put to practical service. In this, also, priority
belongs to Sweden, for in 1852 the Jönköping Match-factory commenced
to manufacture those safety-matches which at the international
exhibition in Paris of 1855 were pronounced the best of their kind. The
wares turned out by the firm have since attained a world-wide celebrity,
and there can be few commodities that have been so often imitated in
all parts of the world, both as regards labels and general appearance
as the »Jönköpings säkerhetständstickor» (safety-matches).
In the progress of match-industry, it has proved necessary to
make great use of labour-saving machines, and many had already been
Johan Edvard Lundström.
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