Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - Second part - X. Manufacturing Industries. By Å. G. Ekstrand, Ph. D., Chief Engineer, Control Office of the Department of Finance - 11. Other Industries - The Electric Industry, by A. Enström, Ph. D., C. E., Stockholm - Graphic Industries
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892
X. MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES OF SWEDEN.
have shut down. Electric wires and cables are made at tbe factories of Max
Sievert, Sundbyberg, and at the Liljeholmen Stubinfabrik (safety-fuse factory).
Porcelain isolators are made at tbe porcelain works of Rörstrand and Gustafsberg.
Lead accumulators are not manufactured in Sweden. A new type of accumulator
has here been invented by Jungner, but the manufacture has not yet commenced.
The great importance of electric power transmission and power distribution
for the industrial development of the country, especially with regard to the
utilization of accessible natural forces, has during the latter years necessarily attracted
the attention of the law-giving authorities of the country, which have now taken
measures for promoting and controlling the establishment and subsistence of electric
concerns. These measures place Sweden in a very advanced position as regards
legislation in this respect. The law of June 27, 1902, containing certain
provisions with regard to electric concerns, gives instruction with regard to the form
of application for concession, which, in case of certain more dangerous
establishments, is granted by the Government; likewise is the right to expropriation of
land for certain concerns of greater importance admitted. Moreover is
responsibility stipulated in case of damages, caused by the electric currents. The control
of electric establishments is exercised by especially appointed inspectors,
subordinating under the Board of Trade. With regard to the building and management
of electric establishments, there are safety provisions, given in the Royal ordinance
of December 31, 1902, with a supplement of June 26, 1903.
Graphic Industries.
Printing-offices. Quite early the art of printing was introduced
from Germany to Sweden, where, in 1483, a printing-office was
established at Stockholm. The first book printed in Sweden — a saint’s
legend in Latin — was issued that same year from the said
printing-house, and the first book printed in Swedish was published in 1495.
In the cloister of Vadstena, founded by St. Bridget, a printing-office
was put up the last mentioned year but it was burnt down the same
year. During the 16th century, printeries were founded in Uppsala
and Stockholm, and during the 17th century, in several other towns
of Sweden. At the beginning of the 18th century, the capital of
Stockholm possessed six printing-offices and Uppsala had two, but at the
beginning of the 19th century, the whole country still had no more
than 50. Later on, the development, however, went at a much quicker
rate. In 1900, Sweden had 305 printing-houses with 1,290
printing-presses. The number of typographers amounted to 5,275, and the value
of production to 11,248,000 kronor, — certainly too low an evaluation.
The increased number and working power of the printing-offices
was accompanied by the introduction of printing-machines and then ef
type-setting machines. In 1829, the first Stop cylinder press was brought
into the country, whereas the number of hand-presses by and by has
gone down so as to be used only exceptionally at present. During later
years the american Two revolution machines have been very estimated
and are now to be found with us in a great number. That platen
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