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904
X. MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES OF SWEDEN.
our own old national methods of weaving, the so-called »Dukagång,
Krabbasnår», and others. This languishing industry was really, at the
last moment, saved from absolute death thanks to the indefatigable
collector of all that belongs to our ancient culture, the creator of the
North Museum in Stockholm, Artur Hazelius, and to the many societies
founded for promoting Swedish domestic art. Their work has been very
successful and vastly appreciated, at home and abroad. Products of
Swedish decorative art, especially of textile work and china, have won
many a first prize at the great Exhibitions of the last decenniums, and
are nowadays to be found in many foreign museums. The
South-Kensington Museum in London, for instance, has a rather good collection of
textile works from Skåne, and even such an outlying country as Chile
has acquired good specimens of Swedish weaving industry.
Among the above-mentioned societies, »Handarbetets Tinner» (the
Friends of Art Needle-work)have contributed more than any to bringabout
a renascence of our textile industry. This society was founded, in 1874,
by Baroness S. Adlersparre, Mrs. H. Winge, and Miss M. Rohüieb,
together with some representative artists and expert ladies in the
Capital, in order to raise Swedish domestic art and develop it on patriotic
lines; to adapt for modern purposes old Swedish models and colours,
being at hand in the old textile works of our peasants, in their
national costumes, their lace and embroideries; to give to the finer kind ot
handiwork a more artistical touch; and, in general, to exert a beneficial
influence upon the taste of the public.
Many af our greatest artists, as J. Kronberg and Carl Larsson, have
designed the cartoons for carpets and tapestries woven by the Society.
Mrs. Winge, who, with Miss A. Branting, directress during a period
of years, have particulary devoted themselves to altar paraments, Misses
S. Gisberg, M. Sjöström, M. Adelborg, M. Widebeck, C. Wästberg, Mrs A.
Boberg, and the prominent decorative painter G. G:son Wennerberg, may
also be mentioned among the excellent designers of the Society, and
Mrs. K. Nilsson as the most skilled of their woman-weavers.
By the foundation of an Industrial School for weaving and
embroidering, which has always been much frequented by all classes, the Society
has made these arts quite popular.
»Handarbetets Vänner» have also given their attention to
laoe-maSring, a very ancient industry in Sweden. It is said to have been
introduced by St. Bridget, in the 14th century, at her convent in the
little town of Vadstena, at lake Vettern, where it has always been
kept up. Many of our national costumes are trimmed with a kind of
bobbin-work of singular originality, probably arising from some sort of
hemstich. The most exquisite belong to the Leksand costume. As for
that of Skåne, it may very likely have its origin in the convents, too.
Svensk Konstslöjd (Swedish Art Industry Co., Ltd.), founded in
1879 by Miss S. Giöbel, has partly worked on the same principles as
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