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916
XI. COMMERCE! OF SWEDEN.
ducts; in general, the desirableness of a livelier reciprocity between the consols
and the home-country is emphasized.
On account of a proposition by its secretary, the Committee further proposes
that under the Board of Trade a special office of information should be
established for the collection, revision, and distribution of commercial news to the
benefit of Swedish industry, trade, and shipping, and this with a special view to
direct.communications with the places of sale and origin. The office also should
edit the consular reports, etc.
It being of great importance for the tradesmen themselves to get every
opportunity of informing the authorities upon their views in legislative and
administrative questions concerning trade, the Committee solicits the Government to elect a Board
of five members, three out of whom should be engaged in trade and industry and
two in naval commerce, charged partly to confer with the Board of Trade on more
important questions within the range of that Board and referring to trade, partly
also to partake in the management of the office of information proposed.
Most of these proposals are at present under treating of the authorities.
In some cases they have already led to results.
Administrative matters concerning trade are treated by the Board
of Trade, two of whose three bureaus transact business regarding
commerce and navigation, one of them dealing with inland, the other
with foreign trade. The Board subordinates under the Finance
Department (up till 1900 it belonged to the Home Department).
About the chief ordinances of legislation concerning trade,
information is given in a special article below, as also under the heading Trade
Law at the end of this work. Special courts of trade do not exist in
our country. Of the organization of commercial instruction an
account is given below.
The Consular system, being still one in common for Sweden and Norway,
subordinates to the Foreign Department in everything concerning the united Kingdoms
in common, but under the Board of Trade in matters concerning Sweden alone.
Consuls general or Consuls are appointed by the King after proposal by the Board
of Trade and the Norwegian Home Department. Vice Consuls are appointed br
the minister of Foreign affairs. The consuls are enjoined to watch over the interests
of the united Kingdoms and to the utmost of their power try to promote their
welfare, above all with regard to commerce and navigation. Some consular
appointments are held by salaried magistrates sent out from their native countries (consoles
missi), others by merchants or others resident in the place (consules electi). These
latter have generally to be elected from amongst foreigners, which does not always
prove suitable (cf. the above memorial of the Commerce and navigation
committee). Consules electi and, as a rule, the vice consuls outside a consul’s
station has hitherto been chiefly salaried by means of the so-called consulages,
about which see under the heading Navigation; these fees, however, are recently
abolished.
The institution of Exchange is little developed in Sweden. Stockholm and
Gothenburg have stately Exchange-buildings, and sundry other towns possess
Exchange localities. Brokers are engaged by the Commercial and marine commissions of
the respective towns, after which their nomination is issued by the Magistracy. —
The Clearing-house institution was not brought into our country till 1896. Most
Stockholm banks have embraced the idea and lately also most of the provincial
ones.
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