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1014
XIII. COMMüNICATIONS OF SWEDEN.
most Sweden, and these became the starting-points for fairly large
telephone nets in that part of the country. In order to support the fishing
industry, which at this time began to flourish in western Sweden, the
State, partly with aid from the local authorities, also there erected
widely spread telephone communications.
It was, however, not till the question of carrying on conversations
at long distances was technically solved that the activity of the State
became more energetic. In 1889 the first long line of communication,
that between Stockholm and Gothenburg, was opened, representing a
distance of 500 kilom., and, in the same measure that several similar
long lines were constructed by the State, also the local nets came into
its possession, partly by purchase, partly by new erections, not only
along the chief highways but also in more remote parts of the country,
— which nets, by means of lines of lesser length, were brought into
connection with the trunk lines between the large centers.
Between 1890 and 1903, the State telephone net grew from 12t!
exchanges to 1,231. The total number of apparatus has simultaneously
increased from 4,950 to 67,620, and the length of line from 12,78»)
to about 140,000 kilometers.
Respecting the fee paid by private persons for telephone communication, it
amounts in most places to 50 kronor (2 £ 15 sh.) annually, to which must be added
an entrance fee of 50 kronor, once for all. In a number of places the fee is,
however, somewhat higher, but is there usually reduced after five years’ subscription.
No annual fee is charged for conversations on the long lines, but the right to their
use is free to every subscriber upon payment of a special fee, consisting of the
following amounts calculated upon the real length of the lines of communication: up
to a distance of, at most, 100 kilometers, 15 öre; then to 250 km. at most, 30 öre;
to 600 km. at most, 50 öre; then to 800 km. at most, 75 öre; to 1000 km. at
most, 1 krona; to 1,200 km. at most, 1 kr. 25 öre; to 1,400 km. at most, 1 kr.
50 öre; to 1,600 km. at most, 1 kr. 75, and, for greater distances, 2 kronor, all
for a conversation lasting 3 minutes. * For every following period of 3 minutes
begun, the same fee has to be paid. Express-conversations, which have, by
degrees, become more and more customary during business time proper, are charged
double the ordinary special fee, and, on lines where no fee is paid for ordinary
conversations, the ordinary special fee as given above. Series-conversations, that
is to say, regularly recurring conversations which are carried on at certain hours,
are charged as express-conversations, with an exception for press
series-conversations, which pay the ordinary single special fee. A charge of 25 öre (31 j d.)
is made when sending for a person by special messenger for telephone conversation.
In general, a special charge of 10 öre (l’/s d.) is made for conversations at public
telephone stations. At certain exchanges, too, special charges are made for night
conversations.
Progress in technical matters has been quite considerable, and some
peculiarities of the Swedish lines deserve to be pointed out. All the lines, even those of
subscribers, are double, and the State has avoided the system of having several
exchanges in every district, so that even the most extensive local nets have the
* Thus, up to 62 Eng. miles 2 d.\ then to 155 miles 4 d.; to 373 miles 7 d.: ta 497
miles 10 d.; to f,21 miles 1 sh. 1 d : to 745 miles 1 sh. 5 d.-. to 869 miles 1 sh. 8 i: to
994 miles 1 sh. 11 d.; for greater distances 2 sh. 2V» d.
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