Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - Second part - XVI. Labour Legislation and Social Statistics - 1. Labour Legislation. By A. Raphael, Ph. D., D. C. L., Stockholm - Hiring of Servants. Obtaining of Situations - Trade Unions. Strikes and Lockouts
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1064 xvi. labour legislation and social statistics of 8wedkx.
that the expenses of the journey and keep are to be deducted from the wages,
or to be paid off by the labour of the applicant after his or her entry upon the
duties of the situation. The contract shall be signed by the head constable of
the district and the certificate of removal shall be shown to him.
An accusation by reason of breach of contract may be made to the consul,
who shall endeavour to obtain redress. Should he fail in his efforts to do so, be
shall report the case to the Governor of the Län and, should circumstances
warrant the payment of the return journey home by the keeper of the registry office,
the consul is empowered to see that this be done. Compensation for such
expenditure out of the security money can only be obtained if the administrative
body in the Län, upon examination, authorize it.
Finally, the keeper of a registry office shall keep a list of all persons who
through his agency have obtained situations beyond the borders of Sweden and
Norway, and that list shall be accessible to the police.
Of låte years Communal Labour Bureaus have been established in Helsingborg
and Gothenburg, and preparations are being made for the establishment of such
bureaus in Stockholm and other places.
Trade Unions. Strikes and Lockouts.
The history of the Swedish
Trade Cnion movement is closely
connected with that of Social
Democracy. Except Sick Funds and similar
Provident Societies, up to 1882 there
existed no other organizations of
workmen than the so-called Working Men’s
Unions (Arbetareföreningar) in
certain parts of the Kingdom, made up
of all sorts of elements, with very
general and indefinite programmes,
mostly with a view to education,
amusement, and social intercourse between
different classes. Labourers were in
the minority, but petty
handicraftsmen, on the other hand, provided an
important contingent. Several abortive
strikes, however, since the middle of the seventies soon demonstrated the necessity
of real Trade Unions. The first regular Trade Unions were formed in 1882, and
the work of such Unions was in full swing in 1885. It was at this period, too, that
Social Democracy began to get a footing in the Unions, especially those of Stockholm.
More and more Unions sent socialistic representatives to the »Central Commission» of
the Trade Unions, and joined the Social Democratic party; but other processes of
combination also proceeded at the same time, i. e., those of the local Unions joining
into »Workmen’s Communes» (Arbetarkommuner; which, to the number of 19, were
represented at the Trade Union Congress in 1898, and at the end of 1903 amounted
to 94, comprising 785 Unions with a total of more than 50,000 members), and
of Unions in the same trade joining into the National Trade Alliances.
The following are the chief features of the present organization of workmen.
From a purely political point of view the Workmen’s Commune is composed of
the different Trade Unions in a place; these, by means of the »Commune», belong
to the Social Democratic party; from a trade point of view the Unions in general
constitute »Branches» of the respective National Trade Alliance; a great number
People’s Palace in Stockholm.
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