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-ort, -ford, -art (fjord) ; -vag, -way, -vik, for bay; -ey
(eid), for isthmus ; -geo (gjá), for a cleft; -oss (óss),
for a river’s mouth ; -brok (borg), for a fort; -vallar,
-wall (vellir), field ; -bost (bustadr), -bol, -pool, (ból),
-stul (perhaps stóll, a seat), -ary (ergh, as used
also in Cumberland, Lancashire and Yorkshire, a
dairy-farm), for various kinds of farmsteads ; -vat
(vatn), for lake ; -a, -ai (á), for a river ; strom (straumr),
for a sea-current ; -skeir (sker), reef of rocks ; -nish,
-ness and -mul (múli), for a point of land ; -gil, becoming
in Uist -gir, for a dell. Adjectives used in place-names
are breidha and smuk (smuga is in Icelandic a
narrow hole, in Cumberland "smoot"is the sheep’s
door in a fence-wall), for broad and narrow ; hà and
lai (hár and lágr), for high and low. Names of animals
in compounds are gaas (gás), so (saudr, sheep), lam,
calv, arne (örn, eagle), hest and ros. Sigurd, Björn,
Grím and Eirík appear in the names of places in
these outer islands.
In a paper for the Viking Club by Mr. R. L.
Bremner (Saga-book, iii., p. 373) many details of
Norse place-names in the Southern Hebrides and
Argyll are given, with the help of Professor Mackinnon.
"In the Lewis it has been calculated the place-names
are about four Norse to one Gaelic ; in Skye as three
to two ; in Barvas (N.W. of Lewis) as twenty-seven to
one ; in Uig as thirty-five to four. In Islay there is
one Norse to two Gaelic, in Kintyre one to four ;
in Arran and the Isle of Man one to eight. Jura has a
very few." Professor Mackinnon derives Jura from
Dyr-ey, "deer island," and dýr reappears in Ben
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