Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - Second part - X. Manufacturing Industries. By Å. G. Ekstrand, Ph. D., Chief Engineer, Control Office of the Department of Finance - 3. Hides, Skins, and Hair - Tanneries
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810
x. manufacturing industries of 8wedbn.
3. HIDES, SKINS, AND HAIR.
The official statistics make a distinction as follows between several
different manufactures under this general heading, the figures being
those for 1900 (a krona = 1mo shilling = 0-268 dollar):
Factories. Workmen. Value of production.
Tanneries..................................... 521 2,879 11,060,000 kronor.
Fur-goods factories....................... 16 546 2,526,000 »
Shammy-leather factories.............. 3_28_76,000 »
Total A 540 2,953 13,662,000 kronor.
Shoe factories............................... 39 2,815 9,809.000 kronor.
Glove factories.......................... ... 20 596 1,012,000 »
Other factories............ ................ 24__ 509_1,683,000 _ »_
Total B 83_3,920_12.504.00Q kronor.
Grand total 623 6,873 26,166,006 kronor.
Class A, as will be seen, includes the industries of working up or
dressing the raw materials (leather, hides), while class B embraces
manufactures of those commodities when worked up or dressed.
The import of these commodities is much greater than the export.
Betweeu 1870 and 1880, there were imported raw materials to a value
of 14-21 million kronor annually, between 1880 and 1890, of 16*51 million
kronor, between 1890 and 1895, of 18-4 2 million kronor, and between 1895
and 1900, of 23«o million kronor. The trade returns under this heading
are, however, in excess of those for labour, inasmuch as the former also
include, for instance, fertilizers. The export has been as much as 1 or
2 million kronor annually, but since 1890 has risen to 3 or 5 million
kronor. — Of goods manufactured, both imports and exports are
inconsiderable. The imports have been about 3 million kronor during
the last few years, while the exports have never reached 1 million.
Tanneries.
The tanning of hides and skins is generally effected by means of
substances containing tannic acid, which enters into combination with
the glutinous ingredient in the raw hide, and both prevents this from
being decomposed and protects the actual fibers in the hide from being
destroyed. This is bark-tanning. The tannic acid required in this
process is found in many plants and in different parts of various plants,
for instance: the bark, leaves, fruit, oak-apples, wood etc. In Sweden
the bark of the oak has long been the chief source of the acid for
tanning; the bark of the spruce and the pine can also be used, though
it contains less of the acid. Tanning by means of water and bark
takes a long time, thick sole-leather requiring even years, since it is
an exceedingly long process for the acid to penetrate into the lower
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