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1078 xvi. labour legislation and social statistics of sweden.
2. SOCIAL CONDITIONS AND SOCIAL STATISTICS.
The social conditions of Sweden in general have already been briefly
related in a preceding chapter (page 141), besides which diverse
informations on the subject have been given in different places where the context
has occasioned it. What remains here to be treated’of are the so-called
social statistics, nowadays becoming more and more prominent, or the
statistic, treatment of questions concerning the labouring population and
the conditions under which their labour takes place. To these are
attached some informations concerning the work of later times for the
reformation of social relations, as well as other social functions, which
could not very well be ranged under preceding chapters.
The sources for Social statistics or for the knowledge of the social,
economical, hygienic, and moral conditions of the labouring population,
are in Sweden, partly the general statistics, partly investigations on
the subject by royal committees or other public institutions,
investigations by communal authorities and by private associations, and finally
the official so-called statistics of labour.
A) The General statistics contain in our country remarkably many
informations on the subject in question. Especially is this the case with
our population statistics as well as manufacturing statistics; but also
the quinquennial reports of the Governors, the savings-bank statistics,
the judicial statistics and other branches give data, which belong to the
social statistics. A number of facts from earlier statistics, belonging
to this subject, are still awaiting a suitable elaboration.
Of the approximate number of married people in different trades we are
informed by the censuses. Also concerning the number of children in different
trades and classes of Society the censuses give now information. Since 1901,
the distribution according to professions of men entering in marriage, of fathers
of legitimate children, and of men deceased is object for comprehensive treatment
in the vital statistics. In 1890, a special investigation occured with respect to the
birth-places for different ages and civil conditions among the population of Stockholm.
B) Of Committee memorials of interest in this respect we "specially
observe the elaborations executed by the first Workmen’s Insurance
Committee (1884/89; see p. 1072) as also the so-called Labourers’
protection committee of 1891. The most important matters which these
and other royal committees have dealt with are the following.
a) Wages. The statements communicated about this are unfortunately now
rather antiquated, and on the whole this chapter of the social statistics is in
Sweden the least explicated of all. Concerning the conditions of wages of the
agri-cultvral labourers some data are previously given (page 614). For the industrial
labourers there are presented some figures from the years 1879, 1884, and 1891,
which show a considerable increase during the intermediate periods. This increase
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